Semeru has Dipterokarp forest hill, forest Dipterokarp Top, Montane forest, and forest Ericaceous mountains or forests.
The position of this mountain region is located between pentadbiran Lumajang and Malang Regency, with the geographic location between 8 ° 06 'LS and 120 ° 55' BT.
In 1913 and 1946 craters Jonggring Saloka has a dome with a height of 3744.8 M until the end of November 1973. In the south, is the dome edge crater caused lava flows to the south area Pasirian, and Candiputro Lumajang.
| Ketinggian | 3,676 meter (12,060 kaki) |
| Lokasi | Pulau Jawa, Indonesia |
| Kejelasan | 3,676 m |
| Koordinat | 8° 6′28.8″S, 112° 55′12″E |
| Jenis | Gunung berapa Strato (aktif) |
| Letupan terakhir | 2008 (masih berlanjutan) |
| Pendakian pertama | Tidak diketahui |
| Laluan paling mudah | Berjalan kaki |
| Senarai | Ultra |
Travel
Climbing to the top of the mountain Semeru eat for four days and went back. To climb the mountain climber must regard the city of Malang or Lumajang. From the terminal Malang climber can ascend to the general public kenderaan Overlapping and through the village again with kenderaan jeep dolly or vegetables that are in the back of the terminal market Overlapping with kos Rp.13.000 a, - Post to Ranu Pani.
Before we go to Gubugklakah need to ask a letter of truth, with the details, kos Rp.6.000 letter of truth, - to maximum 10 people, kos Rp.2.000 park entry per person and a insurance Rp.2.000.
Then using the vehicle the journey commenced from the Overlapping Ranu Pani, the last village at the foot Mount Semeru. Here there is a check-post, there are also stalls and cottages lodging. Climber can also spend the night in custody Post. Ranu Pani in the Post, there are two lakes namely Tasik Ranu Pani (1 ha) and Ranu Regulo lake (0.75 ha). Located at an altitude of 2200 than aras sea.
Gapura/gate until after the "welcome", continue to see to the left towards the hills, do not follow the wide road to the gardens of the population. In addition to the usual route passed the climber, there are also shortcut the normal route used by the local climber, but the path is very steep.
Initial sloping path, the slope of the hill was filled with plants, reed. There is no sign of a road-way, but there are signs on the pole every 100 meters. There are many fallen trees and branches in the head.
After 5 km walk around the hill slopes that many Edelweis vegetate , and will arrive in the Watu Rejeng. Here there is a very steep stone beautiful. Very beautiful secenery to the valley and hills, the pine forest ditumbuhi principal and Pine. Sometimes you can see the pillar of smoke from the peak of Semeru. To go to Ranu Kumbolo still need to pursue at around 4.5 km.
Ranu in Kumbolo can establish camp There is a lake with water that is clean and has beautiful scenery, especially in the morning can see the sunrise in cleft-mountain cleft. There are lots of fish, sometimes wild grouse. Ranu Kumbolo be at the altitude of 2400 m with an area of 14 hectares.
Ranu's Kumbolo should provide as much water as possible. Ranu Kumbolo leave then climb steep hills, with a very beautiful scenery in the background over the lake. In front of the hill lie the broad meadow that is called the Oro-oro ombo. Oro-oro ombo surrounded by hills and mountains with a very beautiful, with a broad meadow that slopes ditumbuhi such as pine trees in Europe. From reverse Kepolo visible peak of Mount Semeru Mount scatter of smoke wedus gembel.
Then enter the pine forest sometimes found where birds and deer. This area is called Cemoro Kandang.
Kalimati post is on a height of 2700 m, can be established here camp for rest Post this form in the broad meadow pine forest edge, so that many branches are available to make bonfire.
There is a wellspring of Mani, to the west (right) the fringe of forest cover ground Kalimati with 1 hour to go home. Kalimati in and there are many in Arcopodo Tikus Mt.
To go to Arcopodo turn left (East) walk about 500 meters, then turn right (south) down the little meadow Kalimati. Arcopodo is 1 hour from Kalimati through pine forest which is very steep, with a simple soil erosion and dusty. We can also camp in Arcopodo, but the soil is less stable and often collapse. We recommend using the glasses and cover your nose as many fly ash. Arcopodo be at the altitude of 2900 m, Arcopodo is the last region in the vegetation of Mount Semeru, the rest will be through a sand dune.
From the peak of Semeru Arcopodo take 3-4 hours, through the sand hills are very steep and peroi. All items should be brought or left on the Arcopodo in Kalimati. Climbing towards the peak is done early morning at around 02.00 am from Arcopodo.
tend afternoon winds to the north to the summit to bring gas from the crater Jonggring Saloka.
Climbing should be done in the dry season months Jun, Julai, Ogos, and September. Should not climb in the wet season because often noisy and soil collapse.
Gas
At the peak of Mount Semeru (Peak Mahameru) climber is not recommended for the crater Jonggring Saloko, also prohibited from climbing the south side, because of the toxic gas and lava flows.in the summit of Mahameru temperature range 4 - 10 derajad Celsius, at the peak of the season minus 0 degree Celsius, and found the crystal-crystal ice. The weather is often foggy, especially in the afternoon, evening and night. Wind blow faster, in December - January is often a storm.
Wedus Gembel eruption occurred every 15-30 minutte Semeru on top of the mountain that is still active. In November 1997 Gn.Semeru burst of 2990 times. Afternoon the wind toward the peak, to avoid it came in the afternoon peak, because the gas and blast their way to the top.
The form of white smoke burst, gray to black with a 300-800 meter high blast. Material that burst out on every form of ash, sand, gravel, stones and even heat on the very dangerous if the climber is too close. In the early summer of 1994 lava flow through the south slope Gn.Semeru and ask some of the victims of the soul, the hot river that zigzag down to the sea has become a very interesting spectacle.
Climate
The general climate in the area of the mountain Semeru including climate type B (Schmidt and Ferguson) with rainfall 927 mm - 5498 mm per year with the number of rainy days 136 days / year and the rainy season falls in November - April.in the summit of Semeru air temperature ranges between 0 - 4 degrees centigrade.
Average temperature ranges between 3 ° c - 8 ° c at night and early morning, while in the afternoon is between 15 ° c - 21 ° c. Sometimes in some areas there is little rain snow occurred during the rainy season, changes to dry season or vice versa. The cold temperatures along the travel route, this is not solely caused by the air but still supported by up the wind blow to this region, causing the cold air.
National parks
Mount this entry in the national park area of Bromo Tengger Semeru. National Park consists of mountain and valley area of 50,273.3 Ha. There are several mountains in the calldera Gn.Tengger, among others; Gn.Bromo (2.392m) Gn. Coconut shell (2.470m) Gn.Kursi (2581m) Gn.Watangan (2.662m) Gn.Widodaren (2.650m). There are four lakes (ranu): Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, Ranu Kumbolo, Ranu Darungan.
Flora that are in the area of Mount Semeru diverse types, but many in dominance by pine, acacia, pine, and the type of Jamuju. While for the plants under in dominance by Kirinyuh, reed, tembelekan, harendong and Edelwiss white, Edelwiss there is lots of caster in thetop of Semeru. And also found several types of orchids endemic who live around south of Semeru
Many fauna that inhabit the mountain Semeru include: Macan Kumbang/panther, Budeng, mongoose, Kijang, Kancil, etc.. Meanwhile, in Ranu Kumbolo grouse that there are still wild life.
The first climber
citizenship the first person to climb this mountain is Clignet (1838) a geologist from the citizenship of Netherlands, citizenship southwest through Widodaren, next Junhuhn (1945) a Dutch botanist citizenship from the north through the mountains Ayet-ayek, mountain-Inder Inder Kepolo and mountains. Year 1911 Van Gogh and the north slopes through Heim and after 1945 generally is done via gradient ascent north through Ranupane and Ranu Kumbolo like this now.
Legend mountain Semeru
According to the faith community that is written in Java kuna Tantu The book that came from century-15, Java on a float in the ocean when the area, there dipermainkan-wave here. The gods decided to tack back to the way the Mount are in India to the top of the island of Java.
The god Vishnu blossom into a giant tortoise tote mountain dipunggungnya, while the gods Brahma blossom into a long snake's body on the mountain wind and the body of turtle mountain so that it can be transported safely.
Deity-god is placed in the top of the mountain is the first part of the island that they found, namely in the western part of Java Island. But the weight of the mountain lead to the eastern tip of the island up to the top. Then they move to the eastern part of the island but still awry, so they decided to cut some of the mountain and placing it in the northwest.
This fragment formed Pawitra Mountain, now known as Mount Pananggungan, and the major part of the Mount are, where the gods reside Shiwa, now known by the name of Mount Semeru. At the time of Sang Hyang Siwa to come to the island jawa millet seen many trees, so that the island is called Java.
Geographical environment Java and Bali with the appropriate symbol-the symbol of Hindu religion. In Hindu belief there are on the Mount, the Mount are considered to be the home of the gods and as a means of the earth (man) and Kayangan. If people want to hear the voice of the god they must semedi are at the peak of Mt. Many people up to Java and Bali are now considered as the mountain-dwelling god or gods being smooth. Next mountainous areas are still used by the Javanese as a place of human semedi to hear the magical sound.
According to the Bali Gunung Mahameru held as Mr. Gunung Agung in Bali and Bali respected by the community. The ritual offerings to the gods of Mount Mahameru conducted by the Bali. After the ceremony is only done once every 8-12 years old at the time people just accept the sound of unseen deity Mahameru Mt. In addition to the ritual offerings that often come to Bali Cave area Widodaren for Tirta holy.
People rise to the top Mahameru aims to hear magical sounds. In addition there is also requested that given the age of long-term. However the reason people ride to the top of Mahameru, most people ditakutkan by various ghost inhabit the area around gunungnya. Ghost-ghost is usually the ancestral spirits inhabit places such as forests, hills, trees and lakes.
Spirit ancestors usually aimed at keeping various places, and must be respected. The climber who stayed in the lake Ranu Kumbolo often see Ranu Kumbolo ghost. Middle of the night have a light orange color in the middle danaunya and suddenly changed into existence sesosok ghost woman. Usually only people who have a mystical power he will see a ghost and can talk with the ghost. The people believe in ghost or not but many people believe that Java is the Bromo, Tengger, Semeru many inhabited by ghost-ghost.
Activity
12 Jun 2006, Meteorological andgeophysics Agency (BMG) Maritime Tanjung Perak, Surabaya, to record the earthquake with the strength of the mountain, 1.8 Richter Scale (SR) due to the activity of Mount Semeru (3,676 mdpl). Mount Semeru at the present time are still in the status of guard.
source: wikipedia
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